Chemical bonding — AS & A Level Chemistry 9701

Chemical bonding — AS & A Level Chemistry 9701: 7 chapters and 375 lesson cards — AI teacher explanations, worked examples, diagrams, common mistakes and exam-style questions, aligned to the Cambridge AS & A Level Chemistry 9701 syllabus.

Topics

1. Electronegativity and bonding — Introduction · Key ideas — Defining electronegativity · 🧑‍🏫 Teacher's explanation · 📖 Definitions · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · 🧠 Quick check 1 · 🧠 Quick check 2 · 🎯 Exam question · Key ideas — Factors influencing electronegativity · 🧑‍🏫 Teacher's explanation · 📖 Definitions · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · 🧠 Quick check 1 · 🧠 Quick check 2 · 🎯 Exam question · Key ideas — Periodic trends in electronegativity · 🧑‍🏫 Teacher's explanation · 📖 Definitions · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · 🧠 Quick check 1 · 🧠 Quick check 2 · 🎯 Exam question · Key ideas — Predicting bond type from electronegativity difference · 🧑‍🏫 Teacher's explanation · 📖 Definitions · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · 🧠 Quick check 1 · 🧠 Quick check 2 · 🎯 Exam question · Worked example · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · Common mistakes · Practice
2. Ionic bonding — Introduction · Key ideas — Defining ionic bonding · 🧑‍🏫 Teacher's explanation · 📖 Definitions · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · 🧠 Quick check 1 · 🧠 Quick check 2 · 🎯 Exam question · Key ideas — Ionic bonding in sodium chloride, magnesium oxide and calcium fluoride · 🧑‍🏫 Teacher's explanation · 📖 Definitions · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · 🧠 Quick check 1 · 🧠 Quick check 2 · 🎯 Exam question · Key ideas — The giant ionic lattice · 🧑‍🏫 Teacher's explanation · 📖 Definitions · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · 🧠 Quick check 1 · 🧠 Quick check 2 · 🎯 Exam question · Key ideas — Effect of ionic charge and ionic radius on bonding strength · 🧑‍🏫 Teacher's explanation · 📖 Definitions · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · 🧠 Quick check 1 · 🧠 Quick check 2 · 🎯 Exam question · Worked example · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · Common mistakes · Practice
3. Metallic bonding — Introduction · Key ideas — Defining metallic bonding · 🧑‍🏫 Teacher's explanation · 📖 Definitions · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · 🧠 Quick check 1 · 🧠 Quick check 2 · 🎯 Exam question · Key ideas — The giant metallic lattice · 🧑‍🏫 Teacher's explanation · 📖 Definitions · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · 🧠 Quick check 1 · 🧠 Quick check 2 · 🎯 Exam question · Key ideas — Metallic bonding and physical properties · 🧑‍🏫 Teacher's explanation · 📖 Definitions · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · 🧠 Quick check 1 · 🧠 Quick check 2 · 🎯 Exam question · Key ideas — Effect of the number of delocalised electrons on bonding strength · 🧑‍🏫 Teacher's explanation · 📖 Definitions · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · 🧠 Quick check 1 · 🧠 Quick check 2 · 🎯 Exam question · Worked example · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · Common mistakes · Practice
4. Covalent bonding and coordinate (dative covalent) bonding — Introduction · Key ideas — Covalent bonding in simple molecules · 🧑‍🏫 Teacher's explanation · 📖 Definitions · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · 🧠 Quick check 1 · 🧠 Quick check 2 · 🎯 Exam question · Key ideas — Expanded octets in Period 3 elements · 🧑‍🏫 Teacher's explanation · 📖 Definitions · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · 🧠 Quick check 1 · 🧠 Quick check 2 · 🎯 Exam question · Key ideas — Coordinate (dative covalent) bonding · 🧑‍🏫 Teacher's explanation · 📖 Definitions · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · 🧠 Quick check 1 · 🧠 Quick check 2 · 🎯 Exam question · Key ideas — Sigma and pi bonds from orbital overlap · 🧑‍🏫 Teacher's explanation · 📖 Definitions · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · 🧠 Quick check 1 · 🧠 Quick check 2 · 🎯 Exam question · Key ideas — Hybridisation: sp, sp2 and sp3 · 🧑‍🏫 Teacher's explanation · 📖 Definitions · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · 🧠 Quick check 1 · 🧠 Quick check 2 · 🎯 Exam question · Key ideas — Bond energy, bond length and reactivity · 🧑‍🏫 Teacher's explanation · 📖 Definitions · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · 🧠 Quick check 1 · 🧠 Quick check 2 · 🎯 Exam question · Worked example · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · Common mistakes · Practice
5. Shapes of molecules — Introduction · Key ideas — VSEPR theory · 🧑‍🏫 Teacher's explanation · 📖 Definitions · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · 🧠 Quick check 1 · 🧠 Quick check 2 · 🎯 Exam question · Key ideas — Shapes with only bonding pairs · 🧑‍🏫 Teacher's explanation · 📖 Definitions · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · 🧠 Quick check 1 · 🧠 Quick check 2 · 🎯 Exam question · Key ideas — Shapes with lone pairs present · 🧑‍🏫 Teacher's explanation · 📖 Definitions · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · 🧠 Quick check 1 · 🧠 Quick check 2 · 🎯 Exam question · Key ideas — Effect of lone pairs on bond angle · 🧑‍🏫 Teacher's explanation · 📖 Definitions · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · 🧠 Quick check 1 · 🧠 Quick check 2 · 🎯 Exam question · Key ideas — Predicting shapes of related molecules and ions · 🧑‍🏫 Teacher's explanation · 📖 Definitions · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · 🧠 Quick check 1 · 🧠 Quick check 2 · 🎯 Exam question · Worked example · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · Common mistakes · Practice
6. Intermolecular forces, electronegativity and bond properties — Introduction · Key ideas — Bond polarity and dipole moments · 🧑‍🏫 Teacher's explanation · 📖 Definitions · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · 🧠 Quick check 1 · 🧠 Quick check 2 · 🎯 Exam question · Key ideas — Van der Waals' forces · 🧑‍🏫 Teacher's explanation · 📖 Definitions · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · 🧠 Quick check 1 · 🧠 Quick check 2 · 🎯 Exam question · Key ideas — Hydrogen bonding · 🧑‍🏫 Teacher's explanation · 📖 Definitions · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · 🧠 Quick check 1 · 🧠 Quick check 2 · 🎯 Exam question · Key ideas — Anomalous properties of water and ice · 🧑‍🏫 Teacher's explanation · 📖 Definitions · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · 🧠 Quick check 1 · 🧠 Quick check 2 · 🎯 Exam question · Key ideas — Relative strength of bonding and intermolecular forces · 🧑‍🏫 Teacher's explanation · 📖 Definitions · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · 🧠 Quick check 1 · 🧠 Quick check 2 · 🎯 Exam question · Worked example · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · Common mistakes · Practice
7. Dot-and-cross diagrams — Introduction · Key ideas — Conventions and dot-and-cross diagrams for ionic bonding · 🧑‍🏫 Teacher's explanation · 📖 Definitions · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · 🧠 Quick check 1 · 🧠 Quick check 2 · 🎯 Exam question · Key ideas — Dot-and-cross diagrams for covalent and coordinate bonding · 🧑‍🏫 Teacher's explanation · 📖 Definitions · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · 🧠 Quick check 1 · 🧠 Quick check 2 · 🎯 Exam question · Key ideas — Species with an expanded octet · 🧑‍🏫 Teacher's explanation · 📖 Definitions · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · 🧠 Quick check 1 · 🧠 Quick check 2 · 🎯 Exam question · Key ideas — Species with an odd number of electrons (free radicals) · 🧑‍🏫 Teacher's explanation · 📖 Definitions · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · 🧠 Quick check 1 · 🧠 Quick check 2 · 🎯 Exam question · Worked example · 🔍 Worked example — Easy · 🔍 Worked example — Standard · 🔍 Worked example — Exam-style · ⚠️ Common errors · Common mistakes · Practice